After a brief introduction to the Standard Neutrino Model (SNM), the motivation for a programme of high-precision neutrino oscillation measurements is reviewed. The Neutrino Factory, an intense high-energy neutrino source based on a stored muon beam, is widely believed to yield a precision and sensitivity superior to other proposed second-generation facilities. The alternatives are identified and the strengths of the various options is briefly discussed. Highlights of the exciting international R\&D programmes which are designed to demonstrate the feasibility of the required techniques are then reviewed. This R\&D programme, which covers all aspects of the accelerator complex, positions the Neutrino Factory community to seek to produce a full conceptual design of the facility by around 2012.

PACS numbers: 14.60.Pq, 29.20.Dh, 29.27.Eg, 29.27.Fh